Gforce
 
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 3 于 2009-01-09 14:13   
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* When copper ions get into our aquarium water, they will complex with several other salt water ingredients and some of the things we put in our aquariums. Copper ions, as noted above, are very fond of forming complexes with carbonates.Copper ions will do the same with rocks and substrates that contain any form of carbonate materials. This is one reason why it is best to use copper medications in a hospital tank without such materials.
* Copper medications can harm the fish without the aquarist even realizing. In 'effective concentrations' that kill the disease organism, copper stresses the fish and in effect is slowly killing it. Furthermore, (even in low concentrations) copper can stress the fish and weaken it, allowing all sorts of other conditions to affect the fish. I have to be the 'adult' here! Copper is not a toy!
* Not only does each type of medication have its own effective concentration, but so does each manufacturer's product. We can't make any general statement about how long to treat or how much copper needs to be in solution for it to do its job. Simply put, only the medication manufacturer knows what they put in the product and thus how to properly use the product.
the aquarist is ready to perform a copper treatment. Some manufacturers try to make it easy by just stating in their instructions to add a quantity of their medication per gallon (or per some other volume) to your water, but in the marine aquarium world, everyone's tank is different. One addition doesn't work the same in all hospital tank systems. You need the control of measuring, knowing the target copper concentration range, and holding the copper in that range.
* I have my own preferences of these medications. I have used several copper medications since I began keeping saltwater fishes in 1968. With the current advances and availability of good copper test kits like we've never had before, I strongly recommend the use of Cupramine as a copper medication
*DANGER !!!
Treating with copper cannot be done with many other treatments and medications.
Copper should not be used with any kind of sulfa-based antibiotic.
Never perform a copper treatment in a hyposaline solution. The copper becomes lethal to marine fishes in such a low salt concentration.
Hyposalinity only cures one parasite -- Marine Ich (Cryptocaryon irritans). Copper kills Marine Ich also, so there is no purpose in doing both the copper AND a hyposalinity treatment at the same time (see above). |
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